about my fragrances

My fragrances are original works of art. The concepts and artistic vision are my own.

My fragrances are composed of high quality aroma-chemicals, natural extracts, essential oils, absolutes, and house made tinctures.

Ready-made bases, fragrance oils, accords are used only very rarely, and in small quantities, as artistic accents or motifs, or when a very specific note or captive profile is desired. This means that my fragrances and their constituent accords are created from scratch by me, with the occasional motif from an outside captive formula, which I further modify to my creative vision.

Aside from ingredients such as Beeswax Absolute or Choya Nakh (smoked seashells), no animal extracts or derivatives are used. Any ingredient such as ambergris or civet are synthetic replacements. Fragrances are thoroughly tested on skin to follow rigorous safety standards, and all ingredient usage complies with US IFRA rules.